Dense and core-rim structured B4C-TiB2 ceramics with Mo-Co-WC additive

B₄C-TiB₂ ceramics (TiB₂ ranging 5~70 vol%) with Mo-Co-WC as the sintering additive were prepared by spark plasma sintering. In comparison with B₄C-TiB₂ without additive, the enhanced densification was evident in the sintered specimen with Mo-Co-WC additive. Core-rim structured grain was observed around TiB₂ grains. The interface of the rim between TiB₂ and B₄C phases demonstrated different feature: the inner borderline of the rim exhibited a smooth feature, whereas a sharp curved grain boundary was observed between the rim and the B₄C grain. The formation mechanism is discussed: the epitaxial growth of (Ti,Mo,W)B₂ rim around the TiB₂ core may occur as a result of the solid solution and dissolution-precipitation between TiB₂ phase and the sintering additive. It was revealed that the fracture toughness increased as the content of TiB₂ content increased, alongside the decreased hardness. B₄C-30 vol% TiB₂ specimen demonstrated the optimal combination of mechanical properties, reaching Vickers hardness of 24.3 GPa and fracture toughness of 3.33 MPa·m^1/2.     

Fabrication of barium titanate ceramics via digital light processing 3D printing by using high refractive index monomer

A digital light processing (DLP) technology has been developed for 3D printing lead-free barium titanate (BTO) piezoelectric ceramics. By comparing the curing and rheological properties of slurries with different photosensitive monomer, a high refractive index monomer acryloyl morpholine (ACMO) was chosen, and a design and preparation method of BTO slurry with high solid content, low viscosity and high curing ability was proposed. By further selecting the printing parameters, the single-layer exposure time was reduced and the forming efficiency has been greatly improved. Sintered specimens were obtained after a nitrogen-air double-step debinding and furnace sintering process, and the BTO ceramics fabricated with 80 wt% slurry shows the highest relative density (95.32 %) and piezoelectric constant (168.1 pC/N). Furthermore, complex-structured BTO ceramics were prepared, impregnated by epoxy resin and finally assembly made into hydrophones, which has significance for the future design and manufacture of piezoelectric ceramic-based composites that used in functional devices.     

Effect of MoS2/PTFE coatings on performance of Si3N4/TiC ceramics in dry sliding against WC/Co

To enhance the tribological performance of Si₃N₄/TiC ceramics, MoS₂/PTFE composite coatings were deposited on the ceramic substrate through spraying method. The micrographs and basic properties of the MoS₂/PTFE coated samples were investigated. Dry sliding friction experiments against WC/Co ball were performed with the coated ceramics and traditional ones. These results showed that the composite coatings could significantly reduce the friction coefficient of ceramics, and protect the substrate from adhesion wear. The primary tribological mechanisms of the coated ceramics were abrasive wear, coating spalling and delamination, and the tribological property was transited from slight wear to serious wear with the increase of load because of the lower surface hardness and shear strength. The possible mechanisms for the effects of MoS₂/PTFE composite coatings on the friction performance of ceramics were discussed.     

涂装车间节水方案企划与实施

某涂装车间在现有节水措施的基础上，通过企划与实施一系列新的技术及精益管理措施，如，磷化出槽喷淋工艺优化、纯水制水率提升、空调冷凝水回用率提升、中水深度处理回用、用水分级管理等，将新鲜水用量从 15. 2 L/m2降至 11. 3 L/m2，达到涂装行业清洁生产评价指标体系（ 2016版）中的 I级标准 12 L/m²要求，处于国内领先水平。     

High energy storage and ultrafast discharge in NaNbO3-based lead-free dielectric capacitors via a relaxor strategy

Dielectric capacitors with decent energy storage and fast charge-discharge performances are essential in advanced pulsed power systems. In this study, novel ceramics (1-x)NaNbO₃-xBi(Ni_2/3Nb_1/3)O₃(xBNN, x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20) with high energy storage capability, large power density and ultrafast discharge speed were designed and prepared. The impedance analysis proves that the introducing an appropriate amount of Bi(Ni_0·5Nb_0.5)O₃ boosts the insulation ability, thus obtaining a high breakdown strength (E_b) of 440 kV/cm in xBNN ceramics. A high energy storage density (W_total) of 4.09 J/cm³, recoverable energy storage density (W_rec) of 3.31 J/cm³, and efficiency (η) of 80.9% were attained in the 0.15BNN ceramics. Furthermore, frequency and temperature stability (fluctuations of W_rec ≤ 0.4% over 5–100 Hz and W_rec ≤ 12.3% over 20–120 °C) were also observed. The 0.15BNN ceramics exhibited a large power density (19 MW/cm³) and ultrafast discharge time (~37 ns) over the range of ambient temperature to 120 °C. These enhanced performances may be attributed to the improved breakdown strength and relaxor behavior through the incorporation of BNN. In conclusion, these findings indicate that 0.15BNN ceramics may serve as promising materials for pulsed power systems.     

Research on Crop Irrigation Schedules Under Deficit Irrigation—A Meta-analysis

Water Resources Management - Increasing water consumption in agriculture due to global climate change has posed considerable challenges to food security, thus improving the efficiency of water...     

黄芩苷印迹聚合物在银黄口服液质量分析中的应用

从天然产物和中草药中选择性提取生物活性化合物是困难的,但对药物分析和新药开发是必要的也是亟需的.该研究采用沉淀聚合法,以黄芩苷为模板分子,与丙烯酰胺和乙二醇甲基丙烯酸共聚,以N、N-二甲基甲酰胺为致孔剂合成了分子印迹聚合物,与非印迹聚合物相比,制备的分子印迹聚合物具有良好的选择性,并用于银黄口服液的质量分析.结果表明:该分子印迹聚合物能从复杂基质中选择性提取黄芩苷及其结构类似物.     

科研管理项目管理系统设计与开发

信息化时代推动了我国科研水平飞速增长,为各行业、各领域提供先进的技术与设备支持,以此提升我国整体的GDP水平。文章认为在提升科研水平的过程中,科研项目管理系统起到举足轻重的作用,为科研活动的规范性、合理性与可行性提供了参考标准。     

Uniform α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with narrow gap immobilized on CNTs through N-doped carbon as high-performance lithium-ion batteries anode

Fe₂O₃ with high theoretical capacity, low cost, and environmental friendliness has been attracted great attention in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which however is limited by low rate capability and fast capacity fading owing to low electronic conductivity, self-aggregation, and sever volume expansion. CNTs with excellent conductivity and unique 3D interconnected network are ideal matrices for composite electrochemical materials, but it is difficult to meet the demand of high capacity. Here, uniform α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles with narrow gap (~1.4 nm) were immobilized on CNTs through N-doped carbon (α-Fe₂O₃/CNTs-NC) that can address these issues. As an advanced LIBs anode, the electrode displays unprecedented specific capacity (1173 mAh/g at 0.2 A/g) and outstanding rate behavior (716.4 mAh/g at 5.0 A/g after 1200 cycles), which are even superior to the theoretical capacity (1007 mAh/g) and the performance of most reported Fe₂O₃-based anodes. Homogeneous nano-sized α-Fe₂O₃ with a narrow gap highly shortens the diffusion path for Li⁺ transport, exposes quite sufficient active sites, and prevents the volume change. Moreover, the 3D backbone of CNTs with a more homogeneously distributed electric field can enhance conductivity, and tightly contact with α-Fe₂O₃ by NC, then obtain robust structural stability, which boosts LIBs in storage capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability.